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Estaus Palace
The Estaus Palace ((ポルトガル語:Paço dos Estaus); ) in Rossio Square, in Lisbon, was the headquarters of the Portuguese Inquisition. The original palace was built on the north side of the square around 1450 as lodging for foreign dignitaries and noblemen visiting Lisbon.
==Portuguese Inquisition==
In 1536, during the reign of King John III, the Inquisition was installed in Portugal, and the palace eventually became the seat of the institution. The palace had a prison and tribunal where the accused of heresy, witchcraft, and, particularly of secretly practicising the Jewish faith (''New Christians''), were subjected to trial, persecution, torture, and execution. Rossio square and nearby St. Domingos square were frequently used as setting for public executions. The first official auto-da-fé took place in 1540.
Among the thousands of people accused by the Inquisition and held in the prison of the Estaus are important personalities like historian Damião de Góis, poet Manuel Maria Barbosa du Bocage and dramatist António José da Silva, nicknamed "the Jew", executed by the Inquisition in 1737.
The Inquisition Palace survived the catastrophic 1755 Lisbon earthquake, but was unfortunately destroyed by fire in 1836. The Inquisition had not been abolished in Portugal until 1821.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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